Is A LLC A Corporation?
Posted by admin on January 31st, 2010
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There are certain terms in society that get used interchangeably that shouldn’t. This is true with the LLC and corporation phrases. Is a LLC a corporation or not?
Think of a warrior in the days of the mighty Roman Empire. What did they have with them when going into battle? They had a nasty looking sword or weapon of some sort and they had a shield. When it comes to businesses, the entity you choose is your shield against personal harm. Both a corporation and LLC can act as a shield, but that does not mean they are the same thing.
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The corporate entity has been with us for hundreds of years. It is the grand daddy of all formal business entities. The LLC, in turn, is a recent upstart at least as applied to the United States. The first LLC didn’t come into existence until 1979 when Wyoming passed legislation allowing for the use of the entity. Over the next 20 years, the others states in the nation passed similar legislation.
So, just how are these entities different? Well, one has to look to the specifics of each. Let’s start with ownership. A corporation is a stand alone entity. To own it, a person must buy shares in the corporation. This can be done on a small scale where two people form a business and split 1,000 shares or it can be done on a huge scale like when you and I buy stock in Google, Microsoft or some other company on the NASDAQ or New York Stock Exchange. Unsurprisingly, the owner of a share of a corporation is known as a shareholder.
The ownership of an LLC works differently. There are no shares. Instead, the investors own a percentage interest in the business. The owners are known as members instead of shareholders. Regardless, this percentage ownership can present problems down the road if you are not prepared for it. How so? Well, let’s assume your business goes big. You are going to be the next Google. You want to go public, but you can’t. Why? You don’t have any shares to trade on the stock exchange! Your only solution is to try to convert to a corporation or close up and restart as a corporation. Neither is easy, fun or inexpensive.
Another manner in which an LLC is not a corporation has to do with a unique tax issue. A single person may form either an LLC or a corporation to protect their business. The IRS, however, doesn’t like single owner LLCs. As a result, it classifies them as “disregarded entities”. This effectively means that the person will be taxed like a sole proprietor, which means paying self employment tax. A corporation, in contrast, can have a single owner and be taxed as either a corporation or s-corp without the IRS batting an eye.
Is a LLC a corporation? While both provide a business owner with asset protection, the simple answer is a LLC is not a corporation.
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